SGA is a child born with birth weight and/or length under two standard deviations for the gestational age and sex of the population. Being born SGA and a rapid increase in weight during early childhood and infancy has been strongly linked to a number of long-term risks including glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, higher systolic blood pressure, coronary heart disease, cardiovascular mortality, elevated plasma cortisol, premature adrenarche and ovarian hyperandrogenism. A 11-year old girl was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in our clinic. She was not obese (height 162.6 cm, body weight 37.6 kg, BMI 19.1 kg/m²) and had no family history of type 2 diabetes. We reviewed her past medical history. She was born SGA (36 weeks, 1.64 kg) and showed early catch-up growth. At age 7, she was diagnosed with premature pubarche, fatty liver and dyslipidemia. After 1 year, she was diagnosed with central precocious puberty and had been treated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist for 2 years. We had analyzed her body composition with bioelectrical impedance analysis and she had a higher body fat percentage. We report a case of early-onset type 2 diabetes in a non-obese girl born SGA. Early catch-up growth, premature pubarche and higher fat mass were risk factors of developing metabolic syndrome in children born SGA. Early interventions should be directed to prevention rapid weight gain and to maintain a heathy body composition.